MODELIZACIÓN MATEMÁTICA COMO HERRAMIENTA PARA LA PLANIFICACIÓN AGRÍCOLA, AMBIENTAL, ECONÓMICA Y SANITARIA

Abstract

The application of mathematics, despite the fact that it is sometimes abstract, is extremely useful for data management that allows the modeling of daily processes that can cause severe damage to the world population if the pertinent measures are not taken to mitigate potential risks and cause damage that affects the activity, agricultural, environmental, as well as public health. An adequate management of them through mathematical models allows minimizing them and making an adequate planning, reducing potential risks and maximizing economic benefits. In order to analyze the scope of its applications of simulation models for planning in the agricultural, environmental and sanitary areas, as well as its economic implications, a systematic review was carried out using the PRISMA methodology through the review of 240 articles in scientific databases such as Scopus, Scielo, Latindex, Redalyc and google academic, of which 32 articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria used in the search. The results show that modeling has advanced from data analysis through regression models to more powerful methods based on logic, fuzzy, artificial intelligence and neural networks, whose application has been very useful for predicting yields and prices in the area. agriculture, the estimation of environmental damage as a result of anthropic activities, and the anticipation of health emergencies such as COVID-19. The use of simulation models demonstrates the importance of using mathematics for the simulation of real life events, contributing to decision making and reducing the risks that may impair the quality of life of the world population.