AMPUTACIÓN VERSUS SALVAMENTO DE LA EXTREMIDAD EN EL TRATAMIENTO DEL ORTEOSARCOMA

Abstract

The objective of the research was to explore the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with osteosarcoma treated in said unit. We sought to analyze variables such as age, sex, place of residence, socioeconomic level, among other demographic aspects that could offer a more complete picture of this disease in the population served by this institution. The methodology used was rigorous and was based on the review of medical records of patients treated for osteosarcoma in the Bone Tumor Unit during the period 2012-2022. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15.0 program was used for data processing, presented in tables and graphs that were analyzed by calculating averages and percentages, using descriptive statistics to meet the objectives. The main results showed that osteosarcoma mainly affects young patients, with an average age of 20 years, and that the proximal tibia is the most common site of presentation of the disease. Furthermore, a higher incidence was observed in males, with a ratio of 1.5:1. Surgery remains the primary treatment method for these patients, with a growing trend toward limb-salvage surgery, rather than amputation, to improve patients' quality of life and mitigate stigma and psychological concerns. aesthetics associated with the loss of a limb. The main conclusions of the research indicate that osteosarcoma continues to be a challenge in the field of traumatology and orthopedics, due to its high incidence in a young, predominantly male population, and its clinical manifestation, which often results in intense pain and complications. requiring multiple surgical interventions. It is essential to continue efforts in the early detection and effective treatment of this bone tumor, and to personalize the therapeutic approach in each case. The results obtained from this research can guide future interventions and health policies in the field of traumatology and orthopedics in the country.